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Chiari I Malformation
A Chiari I malformation is a congenital (you are born with) problem caused by a disproportion between the back of the skull and the cerebellum of the brain. The hallmark of this condition is the herniation or displacement of the tonsil of the cerebellum into the upper spinal canal. This results in a compression of the brainstem and a disturbance of spinal fluid circulation.
Symptoms
Symptoms often begin in adulthood despite the congenital nature of the problem. Occassionally, symptoms begin in childhood. Frequently, symptoms may begin after a trauma. Symptoms can be so diverse and numerous that it is hard to believe that a single problem could be to blame. Patients with Chiari I malformation may complain of headache which may be confused with migraine. They also complain of nausea, vomiting, dizziness, vertigo, sensitivity to sound, light, and smells, widespread pain, weakness, clumsiness, balance problems, difficulty with memory and concentration, urinary urgency and frequency, disturbances in bowel habits, and fatigue.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is made by detailed neurological evaluation and confirmed by an MRI scan of the brain.
Treatment
Some symptoms related to the Chiari malformation may be improved by medications. In general, when a Chiari malformation starts to produce problems, it is best treated by surgery. The surgery is directed as creating more room for the brain in order to relieve compression of the brainstem and spinal cord, and to improve the circulation of spinal fluid.
Not all people with a Chiari malformation have symptoms. Some people do not require any treatment at all.
Photos
Click on a photo for an enlarged image. Pictures will open in a new window.
For More Information
Neurosurgery On-Call Chiari Type I Malformation
©2003 Heffez Neurosurgical Associates, S.C.